salao contra o racismo

PRESIDENT FECO PETER NIEUWENDIJK

CARTOONIST OMAR TURCIOS

Omar Figueiroa Turcios - Born in Corozal, Colombia in 1968. He has works published in the main newspapers of Colombia and has lived in Spain since 1998, where he also has his work published. He has been awarded for his graphic humor and caricature in Colombia, Brazil, Spain, Cuba, Turkey, Italy, Czech Republic. His drawings can be seen at http://turciosanimal.blogspot.com/

CARTOONIST DÁLCIO

Dálcio Machado is a devoted cartoonist. From São Paulo, he has in his comics, caricatures and cartoons a single language that communicates easily with those who see their work. His good humor can be seen in magazines as Veja and Exame, at newspaper Jornal Correio Popular(Campinas), and on TV, Dálcio has already participated in stickers for Rede Globo. He collects more than ninety prizes between national and international awards with only 36 years. We interviewed Dálcio who kindly answered what many people wanted to know.

Obama

Biography: Barack Hussein Obama was born Aug. 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father, Barack Obama, Sr., was born of Luo ethnicity in Nyanza Province, Kenya. He grew up herding goats with his own father, who was a domestic servant to the British. Although reared among Muslims, Obama, Sr., became an atheist at some point. Obama’s mother, Ann Dunham, grew up in Wichita, Kansas. Her father worked on oil rigs during the Depression. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, he signed up for service in World War II and marched across Europe in Patton’s army. Dunham’s mother went to work on a bomber assembly line. After the war, they studied on the G. I. Bill, bought a house through the Federal Housing Program, and moved to Hawaii. Meantime, Barack’s father had won a scholarship that allowed him to leave Kenya pursue his dreams in Hawaii. At the time of his birth, Obama’s parents were students at the East–West Center of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Obama’s parents separated when he was two years old and later divorced. Obama’s father went to Harvard to pursue Ph. D. studies and then returned to Kenya. His mother married Lolo Soetoro, another East–West Center student from Indonesia. In 1967, the family moved to Jakarta, where Obama’s half-sister Maya Soetoro–Ng was born. Obama attended schools in Jakarta, where classes were taught in the Indonesian language. Four years later when Barack (commonly known throughout his early years as "Barry") was ten, he returned to Hawaii to live with his maternal grandparents, Madelyn and Stanley Dunham, and later his mother (who died of ovarian cancer in 1995). He was enrolled in the fifth grade at the esteemed Punahou Academy, graduating with honors in 1979. He was only one of three black students at the school. This is where Obama first became conscious of racism and what it meant to be an African–American. In his memoir, Obama described how he struggled to reconcile social perceptions of his multiracial heritage. He saw his biological father (who died in a 1982 car accident) only once (in 1971) after his parents divorced. And he admitted using alcohol, marijuana and cocaine during his teenage years. After high school, Obama studied at Occidental College in Los Angeles for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York, graduating in 1983 with a degree in political science. After working at Business International Corporation (a company that provided international business information to corporate clients) and NYPIRG, Obama moved to Chicago in 1985. There, he worked as a community organizer with low-income residents in Chicago’s Roseland community and the Altgeld Gardens public housing development on the city’s South Side.

Cartoonist Pena Pai

Julian PENA-PAI have been receiving countless rewards since 1983 in humor contests all around the world, and has worked in several daily newspapers in Romania, as an illustrator. Nowadays, as member of the International Cartoon Experts Committee, PENA-PAI is considered an artist with trained eye to find similarities in cartoons, and also a great researcher of contests results and publications.

Cartoonist Raim / Iran

Rahim Baggale Asgari - Born in Tabriz in 1974 Has got a bachelor's degree in educational management Started his professional career as a cartoonist in 1991, and has worked forsome journals such as "Kayhan Caricature", "Golagha”, “Tanz-o-Caricature”,“Shams-e-Tabrizi”, “Fajr”, “Ahrar”, “Kar-o-Niro”, “Saheb”, "Joovaldooz",etc. The representor of FECO in Iran

Marilyn Manson

Marilyn Manson, whose real name is Brian Hugh Warner, was born on January 5, 1969 in Canton, Ohio to the parents of Hugh and Barb Warner. During his childhood, one of his neighbors molested him several times until the young Brian broke down one day and told his mother what happened. As an only child, he would often get into mischievous activities such as adventure through his grandfather Jack Warner's sex toys, shoot his BB gun with his cousin Chad, and create sex magazines to sell to his classmates. His parents raised him as an Episcopalian, and he attended the religious private Heritage Christian School. It was there that he became fueled with hate towards Christanity. During his tenth grade year, he convinced his parents to let him attend a public school.After he graduated from high school, he and his parents moved to Fort Lauderdale, Florida because his father got a better job there. He studied journalism and theater at the local community college called Broward, and being some place new and feeling lonely, he wrote poems and short stories. After being fired from his last job at a record store, he became entertainment journalist for a local magazine. He interviewed several famous musicians including Trent Reznor from the band "Nine Inch Nails". Along with his job and writing, he would also frequently go to rock clubs. He soon decided to create his own band. With musical influences from Ozzy Osbourne and KISS, he recruited other musicians with the same interests and started the band called "Marilyn Manson and the Spooky Kids". He got the name Marilyn Manson as a combination from the names of the movie star Marilyn Monroe and the psycho killer Charles Manson. The band's name would later officially change to just Mariyn Manson, and most of the original band members would leave and be replaced, too. Manson reunited with Trent Reznor and had his band tour with "Nine Inch Nails". Reznor would also produce Marilyn Manson's first three albums (Portriat of an American Family, AntiChrist Superstar, and Mechanical Animals) and an E.P. (Smells like Children). "Mechanical Animals" is Marilyn Manson's most successful album to date.With the success, Manson became a controversial celebrity, because the anti-Christian message in his songs, and Satanist 'Anton Szandor LaVey' deemed Manson a Reverend for the Church of Satan. Also with fame, Manson started to mingle with other celebrities, and began a romantic relationship with the actress Rose McGowan. They became engaged, but broke off the relationship in 2001. He then fell in love with the burlesque dancer Dita Von Teese, and soon became engaged. They had a fairytale, non-denominational wedding in a castle in Ireland. Meanwhile, Manson came out with two more albums (Holy Wood, and the Golden Age of Grotesque), and a best of album (Lest We Forget: The Best Of...). He also dabbled into acting by being in such movies as Jawbreaker (1999), Party Monster (1998) and The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things (2004). He continues to make music and act in movies.

Benazir Bhutto

Benazir Bhutto Biography
Benazir Bhutto (born 1953) became the first woman head of government in the Muslim world when she was elected prime minister of Pakistan in 1988, only to be deposed in a coup 20 months later. She was re-elected in 1993 but was dismissed three years later amid various corruption scandals. Some of these scandals involve contracts awarded to Swiss companies during her regime and remain unresolved. Her husband has been implicated, as well. The daughter of former Pakistani premier, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Benazir Bhutto was educated in the west, notably at Harvard University, and Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. She temporarily left Harvard for New York City in 1971, when India sent troops into East Pakistan -- soon to be called Bangladesh -- and her father, as West Pakistan's foreign minister, traveled to the United Nations to resolve the issue. Benazir Bhutto joined her father in New York City and acted as a kind of assistant to him. This seems to have been a formative experience for her, in that watching her father in action brought her out of the academy and showed her the ways of power politics. Her remaining years in the United States included active participation in various social causes. During her time at Oxford, she was president of the Oxford Union, after the election had to be re-run because she accused her rival of illegal canvassing. Her entire undergraduate career was fuelled by controversy, coming in the middle of a period when her father's administration was being challenged both at home and abroad. After graduating, she returned to Pakistan, but, in the course of her father's imprisonment and execution, she was placed under house arrest. Having been allowed, in 1984, to go back to the UK, she was leader in exile of her father's party, but was unable to make her political presence felt in Pakistan until the death of General Zia ul-Haq. Then in the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan chose populist candidate Benazir Bhutto on November 16, 1988 to be Prime Minister. Bhutto was sworn-in on that December 2 becoming the first woman to head the government of an Islam-dominated state Bhutto has lived in self-imposed exile since 1999 when she left Pakistan to avoid arrest in a corruption case. While she still heads the Pakistan People's Party and says she wants to return to office, a vast majority of people in Pakistan are convinced that both her husband and her were extremely corrupt. It therefore is not surprising to note that her husband, Asif Ali Zardari, is serving a seven-year prison term in Pakistan on charges of taking kickbacks. It is believed they stole hundreds of millions of dollars through demanding 'commissions' on all types of government contracts and other dealings. It was during Bhutto's rule that the repressive Taliban gained prominence in Afghanistan with the financial assistance of her government. The Taliban took power in Kabul in September 1996, and Bhutto's government became one out of only thre nations to recognize it. Pakistan remained a key supporter of the regime until the September 11 attacks in the United States. In 2002 Pakistan's current military president, Pervez Musharaf introduced a new amendment to Pakistan's constitution, banning Prime Ministers from serving more than two terms. This disqualifies Bhutto from ever holding the office again, and some said it was largely implemented due to the President's own fear of maintaining his power once democracy returned to the country. Bhutto currently lives in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, where she cares for her children and mother, who is suffering from Alzheimer's disease.

Oscar Niemeyer

Oscar Niemeyer was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on the 15th December 1907. Oscar Niemeyer graduated from the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes in Rio de Janeiro in 1934. At this time Oscar Niemeyer joined a team of Brazilian architects collaborating with Le Corbusier on a new Ministry of Education and Health in Rio de Janeiro. Oscar Niemeyer worked with Lucio Costa and Le Corbusier till 1938 on this project. The corbusian influence is evident in the early works of Oscar Niemeyer. However, the architect gradually acguired his own style: the lightness of the curved forms created spaces that transformed the architectural scheme into something that was hitherto unknown; harmony, grace and elegance are the adjectives that are most appropriate to describe the work of Oscar Niemeyer. The adaptations produced by the architect to connect the baroque vocabulary with modernist architecture made possible formal experiences in spectacular volumes, executed by famous mathematicians including the Brazilian Joaquim Cardoso and the Italian Pier Luigi Nervi. The architecture of Brasilia, glimpsed in the sketches submitted by Lucio Costa for the international design contest for the new capital of Brazil, was the result of Oscar Niemeyer 's definitive impetus on the scene of the international history of contemporary architecture. The concave and convex domes of the National Congress and the columns of the Alvorada and Planalto palaces and the Supreme Court are highly original features. Combining these with the spectacular forms of the columns of the Cathedral and the palaces of Itamaraty and Justica, Oscar Niemeyer succeeded in closing the rectangular and symmetrical perspective formed by the repetition of the Esplanada and Ministry buildings. The use of reinforced concrete to form curves or as a shell and the unique use of the aesthetic possibilities of the straight line were translated into factories, skyscrapers, exhibition centres, residential areas, theatres, temples, head office buildings for public and private sector companies, universities, clubs, hospitals and buildings for various social schemes. Of these, the following are worthy of special mention: the Obra do Berco and residence on the Estrada das Canoas in Rio de Janeiro; The Duchen factory, the Copan building and Ibirapuera Park in Sao Paulo; the Pampulha architectural complex including a casino, restaurant and the Temple of St. Francis of Assisi, in Belo Horizonte; the design for the Hotel de Ouro Preto in Minas Gerais, the Caracas Museum in Venezuela, the headquarters building of the Communist Party in Paris, the head office of Editora Mondatori in Milan, the Constantine University in Algeria and the Niteroi Museum of Contemporary Art, Rio de Janeiro.The constant presence, of Oscar Niemeyer on the scene of international contemporary architecture from 1936 until the present time, has transformed him into a symbol of Brazil. Oscar Niemeyer has received numerous prizes and is the owner of a vast library containing books written by him and also by Stamo Papadaki, as well as editions of early editions of magazines on French and Italian architecture.While working on this project Oscar Niemeyer met the mayor of Brazil's wealthiest central state, Juscelino Kubitschek, who would later becom President of Brazil. As President, he appointed Oscar Niemeyer to be the chief architect of Brasilia, a project which occupied all of his time for many years. In 1939 Oscar Niemeyer and Costa designed the Brazilian pavilion at the New York World Fair. The series of buildings Oscar Niemeyer created till 1942 were heavily influenced by the Brazilian baroque style in architecture. Although associated primarily with his major masterpiece, Brasilia, the capital city of Brazil, Oscar Niemeyer had achieved early recognition from one of his mentors, Le Corbusier, going on to collaborate with him on one of the most important symbolic structures in the world, the United Nations Headquarters in New York. In the 1950's, Oscar Niemeyer designed an Aeronautical Research Center near Sao Paulo. In Europe, Oscar Niemeyer did an office building for Renault and in Italy, the Mondadori Editorial Office in Milan and the FATA Office Building in Turin. In Algiers, Oscar Niemeyer designed the Zoological Gardens, the University of Constantine, and the Foreign Office. From 1957 till 1959 Oscar Niemeyer was appointed architectural advisor to Nova Cap- an organisation charged with implenting Luis Costa's plans for Brazil's new capitol. The following year Oscar Niemeyer become Nova Cap's chief architect, designing most of the city's important buildings. The epoch of Niemeyers career, these buildings mark a period of creativity on modern symbolism.

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Rabbi Henry Sobel

Rabbi Henry Sobel, President of the Congregation Israelita Paulista, was arrested in the U.S., accused of stealing neckties. According to the Palm Beach Daily News newspaper, an official of the Louis Vuitton store called the police around 12:30 to warn that there was a customer with suspicious behavior. According to police, a review of security video in the store showed that the man got a tie, doubled it and left the store empty-handed. The police saw the man, later identified as Henri Sobel, 63, walking by an avenue of Palm Beach. Sobel denied having caught anything from the store or even have been there, but has offered to pay the tie even denying having it stolen. Finally, he admitted to have caught the tie and allowed the police searches of piece of clothing in your car. Sobel appeared with a bag of ties with four other brands: Louis Vuitton, Giorgio's, Gucci and Giorgio Armani. After the rabbi admitted having taken the goods without paying for them. The total value of the goods was $ 680. Sobel was arrested on charges of theft, and released on Saturday (24) after paying a bail of $ 3 mil.

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Santos Dumont

For his pioneering work in manned flight Alberto Santos-Dumont is officially called the "Father of Aviation" in his native country of Brazil. Santos-Dumont left Brazil when he was eighteen and moved to Paris, France, where he applied his mechanical skills and considerable inheritance to building and flying aircraft. He first worked on balloons in the late 1890s, then turned his attention to "heavier-than-air" machines. In 1906 Santos-Dumont flew 715 feet and became internationally famous as the first man to fly an airplane -- a claim that was later denied him when it turned out that The Wright Brothers had flown their own plane secretly in 1903. Unlike the Wright Brothers, Santos-Dumont was a flamboyant socialite who loved the limelight -- he used to fly around Paris in his powered balloons, hobnobbing with the rich and famous. In 1909 he built the "Demoiselle," a lightweight monoplane that captured the public's attention and became a popular seller in England and France. In 1910 he retired due to illness (now described as multiple sclerosis), and in 1928 he returned to Brazil, where he was greeted as a national hero. Apparently despondent over the militarization of airships, he committed suicide in 1932.

FIDEL

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was born on August 13, 1926 (although some say he was born a year later), near Birán in Cuba's eastern Oriente province. His father, Angel, was a wealthy landowner originally from Spain. His mother, Lina, had been a maid to Angel's first wife.One of five children, Castro was educated in Jesuit schools. He grew up in wealthy circumstances amid poverty. A peasant rebellion in Oriente during Castro's formative years is thought to have influenced his political leanings. Castro offered free legal services to the poor after earning a law degree from the University of Havana.In 1952, at the age of 25, Castro ran for the Cuban parliament. But just before the election, the government was overthrown by Fulgencio Batista, who established a dictatorship.Castro was one of about 150 fighters who attempted to overthrow Batista in 1953. An attack on a military barracks landed Castro in prison, but made him famous throughout Cuba.Castro was released in 1955 under an amnesty. He went to Mexico and spent time in the United States, working with his brother Raul and Argentine revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara to prepare for second attempt to overthrow Batista. Castro returned to Cuba on December 2, 1956, by boat with a band of 81 insurgents. Most of were killed. The survivors, including the Castros and Guevara, fled into the Sierra Maestra Mountains along the southeastern coast. There, they mounted a full-scale attack in 1958, forcing Batista to flee the country in January 1959. Castro became prime minister. The United States quickly recognized the new Cuban government, but tensions arose when Fidel Castro, as prime minister, set about far-reaching reforms. He nationalized factories and plantations, ending U.S. economic dominance of the island. He also began to establish closer ties with the Soviet Union.

Hugo Chávez

Hugo Chavez Frias was born in Sabaneta, Barinas State on July 28th, 1954. He has a mulatto background which gives him a common link to the 67% majority of Venezuelans. After he finished high school, he would have to travel to Caracas to continue his education. Chavez attended Venezuela’s Military Academy, where he graduated with a degree in Military Sciences and Arts on July 5, 1975. Having both parents as teachers its easy to see why he is an intellectual person, and why they weren't wealthy. Apparently his family also sold bananas and sowed corn for income. Chavez’ love for baseball is also easy to see. When he was a kid he played baseball like all children in Venezuela, and apparently he was a good pitcher. It was the desire to become a major league pitcher that initially led him into the military. After gaining his degree and his hopes of being a major leaguer gone, he continued on with his military career. During that time, he had various assignments, an armored unit, anti-guerilla duty along the Colombian border, and then as a military ethics instructor. Soon after that he began sowing the seeds for a coup in 1992.
In 1982 he founded the Bolivarian Revolutionary Movement. Through 1989-1990, he studied Political Science at Simon Bolivar University in Caracas. “He led an unsuccessful military coup against President Carlos Andres Perez on February 4th, 1992, that launched him onto the political scene and, at the same time, earned him two short years in what he refers to as the ‘prison of dignity’" (gosouthamerica.about.com). In a display of support, “While Chavez was in prison, he videotaped a call for insurrection that was broadcasted at around four in the morning on November 27th, 1992, when a second unsuccessful coup d’etat was attempted” (gosouthamerica.about.com). Two years later, he was pardoned by President Caldera.
Once Chavez was released from his conviction, he started to organize a political party called the Fifth Republic Movement (MVR), which would lead him to power four years later. “In November, 1998, a coalition of small leftist parties led by the MVR and under the umbrella of the Patriotic Pole won 34% of the seats in the National Congress and presented Chavez as its presidential candidate. After campaigning as ‘the scourge of the oligarchy and the champion of the poor’, Chavez came out victorious from the 1998 Presidential Elections with 56% of the votes­the largest majority in four decades (gosouthamerica.about.com).
Chavez’ speeches and actions are extreme to the right wing political parties of Venezuela and the United States, causing skepticism about his policies. The following description of Chavez is not how most politicians would like to be viewed, "A populist leader backed by leftist parties, Chavez has advocated a ‘third way’ between communism and capitalism", wrote Patrick Moser for the Agence France Presse. Since being elected, Chavez’ stile and personality have been very apparent. He has even managed to extend his love for baseball into politics. Chavez and Fedel Castro have played two baseball games, one when Chavez went to Cuba, another when Castro came to Caracas, with Cuba winning both games. Chavez pitched in both games for a few innings, while Castro, when he was in Venezuela took a turn at the plate. “To accelerate cooperation in Latin America, he visited Cuba, which has an antagonistic relationship with the United States, and he has a cordial personal relationship with Fidel Castro” (bjreview.com). Chavez’ relationship with Castro has been discouraged by the U.S. Chavez was also the first dignitary in ten years to visit Saddam Hussein in Iraq. These are the types of policies that have made him stand out.
Chavez is very much a peoples man; he has a weekly radio show that is called “Hello President”, and television show dubbed “Face to Face with the President, as well as a paper. Through each one he talks to the people, giving his opinions and the agenda for the Government, he also takes phone calls during the radio show to hear peoples problems and responds to letters. “Chavez also likes to spice his often lengthy and unusual speeches with quotes from the Bible, French poets, military overtones and repeated references to Simon Bolivar” (www.bjreview.com). Chavez also displays a very hands on approach to his presidency. On several occasions he has been out in the poor communities giving land deeds to people for newly allotted land, inspecting the work of the military, and talking to the common men and women of Venezuela. In his personal life he is married and has five children. His wife works as a public official also; she was elected in 2000. He also enjoys going home, where his father is currently the mayor of the town.

Chico Mendes

Francisco Alves Mendes Filho, Chico Mendes, had just turned 44 years old on December 15, 1988, one week before being murdered. Born in the Brazilian state of Acre, in the “seringal” (rubber tapper settlement) called Porto Rico in Xapuri city, he started working as a rubber tapper when still a child, following his father’s steps. His life as a union leader began with the foundation of the Rural Workers Union of Brasiléia, in 1975, when he was chosen to be the general secretary. In 1976, he was actively engaged in the rubber tappers’ fight against deforestation through a strategy of resistance called the "empate". He also organized several actions to defend the people’s right to land ownership. In 1977, he helped found the Rural Workers Union of Xapuri, and was elected City councilman for the political party MDB (Brazilian Democratic Movement). During this same year, Chico Mendes suffered the first death threats from the local ranchers, at the same time that he began to face several problems within his own political party, the MDB, which was not supportive of his struggles. In 1979, Chico Mendes transformed the City Council into a great forum of debates between union, popular and religious leaders, being for that accused of subversion and submitted to hard interrogations. In December of the same year, Chico was tortured in secret. Having no support, he was not able to denounce the fact. With the appearance of the Workers Party, Chico became one of its founders and leaders in Acre, participating in local assemblies together with Lula. Still in 1980, Chico Mendes was framed within the National Security Law, at the request of the local ranchers who attempted to involve him in the revenge murder, promoted instead by forty landowners, of a rancher believed to be involved in Wilson Pinheiro’s murder, the Brasiléia Workers Union’s president. In the following year, Chico Mendes became the Xapuri Workers Union president, and kept that position until the time of his death. In this same year, Chico was accused of inciting landowners to violence. Being tried by the Military Court of Manaus, he managed to avoid his preventive detention. In the November 1982 elections, Chico Mendes ran for the seat of state congressman of the Workers Party, the PT, loosing the election. Two years later he was tried again, being acquitted by lack of evidence. In October 1985, he lead the 1st Rubber Tappers National Meeting, when the Rubber Tappers National Council (CNS) was created, becoming its main point of reference. From then on, the rubber tappers struggle, under Chico Mendes's leadership, gained national and international exposure, strengthened by the proposal of the "Forest People Alliance”. This proposal aimed to unite the common interests of the indigenous communities and the rubber tappers in preserving the amazon forest as well as the creation of the extractive reserves in order to protect the indigenous areas and the forest, and ensure, at the same time, the rubber tappers’ agrarian reform. During the 2nd Rubber Tappers National Meeting, scheduled on March 1989, Chico should assume the CNS presidency. In 1987, United Nations members met Chico Mendes in Xapuri, where they witnessed the extent of forest devastation and the expulsion of rubber tappers caused by projects financed by international investments. Two months later, Chico Mendes was bringing these accusations to the North American Senate and to one of the financing banks meeting, the BID (Bank of Interamerican Development). After thirty days, the financing to the devastative projects were suspended and Chico was accused by local ranchers and politicians of hindering the " progress " of the State of Acre. Months later, Chico Mendes began to receive several national and international awards and acknowledgments, such as the Global 500 prize by the UN, for being one of the persons that most stood out on that year in defense of the ecology. During the year of 1988, Chico Mendes, who was being increasingly threatened and attacked by organized groups stemming from the recently established UDR (Rural “Democratic” Union) in Acre, expanded his struggle through several areas of Brazil, by participating in seminars, lectures and congresses, where he could denounce the predatory actions against the forest and the ranchers’ acts of violence against the Xapuri workers. On the other hand, Chico was responsible for the accomplishment of a great dream: the implementation of the first extractive reserve in the State of Acre, in addition to the expropriation of rancher Darli Alves da Silva from the Seringal Cachoeira, in Xapuri. From then on, the death threats became very serious, as Chico himself denounced several times. He made it very clear to the police department and government officials that his life was in danger and that he needed protection, to the point of giving out the names of his probable murderers. During the 3rd National Congress of CUT, Chico Mendes once more denounced this situation, along with several other rural workers from different parts of the country. The situation was the same everywhere; criminal violence was being perpetrated by the UDR from north to south of Brazil. In this same Congress, Chico Mendes defended the thesis presented by the Xapuri Union, "In Defense of the Forest People", unanimously approved by the approximate 6 thousand delegates present. At the end of the Congress, he was elected substitute of the CUT national direction. On December 22, 1988, Chico Mendes was murdered at his home’s door. Chico was married with lIzamar Mendes and left two children, Sandino, 2 years old, and Elenira, 4.

*Published in the "Chico Mendes" Magazine by the Xapuri’s STR (Rural Workers Union), CNS (Rubber Tapper National Council) and CUT (Workers National Union) on January of 1989

Enéas Carneiro